This scoping study for the Climate Adaptation and Resilience (CLARE) program presents a number of frameworks for better understanding components of effective partnerships, including from the perspective of partners. The frameworks also assist in identifying and unpacking partnership challenges experienced by previous consortia, particularly various layers of power dynamics, inequity and imbalances, the sheer scale and complexity of research consortia, and the critical role of leadership at many levels. Interregional dynamics are also an important force. The study also considers the key role of the fund manager, along with recommendations and priorities for next steps.