This in-depth paper provides important resource links and references regarding approaches to ensuring that climate change programming and policies in fragile and conflict-affected contexts do not exacerbate conflict. It examines evidence gaps in addition to what is known, from multiple disciplinary perspectives, including disaster risk reduction (DRR), conflict sensitivity, climate adaptation and conflict and humanitarian research and programmes. Regarding funding, design and delivery of programmes, programming for uncertainty (in relation to both conflict dynamics and climate change) should be built into the funding set-up. Proper climate analysis, including attribution and sensitivity analysis, continues to be lacking in many climate-conflict studies.